Ebru, also known as Turkish marbling, is a centuries-old art form that originated in Central Asia and flourished during the Ottoman Empire, where it was used to decorate calligraphy, books, and official documents. Its name comes from the Persian word ebr, meaning “cloud,” which reflects the flowing, dreamlike patterns created by floating pigments on water and transferring them onto paper. Ebru was often considered a meditative, even spiritual process, particularly within Sufi traditions. Though it reached Europe in the 17th century and was embraced for bookbinding and decorative purposes, the heart of Ebru remained in Turkey. In modern times, Ebru has experienced a global resurgence, recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage and celebrated for both its aesthetic and therapeutic value. Artists today blend traditional techniques with contemporary approaches, using Ebru in everything from visual art to mindfulness practices and art therapy. For many centuries, people have thought that Turkish artists’ marbling styles were the most advanced and skilled in the world. As a living tradition, Ebru continues to evolve, offering a meaningful connection between past and present while providing a calming, creative outlet in an increasingly fast-paced world.
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